The rose is a symbol of the Greek goddess of love and beauty. The rose is the number one popular flower in the world today. Through hundreds of years of natural hybridization and mutations, roses of all colors, except dark brown and dark black, are found today. Its flowers are mainly used for worship , garlands, decorations and making flower heroes, bouquets / bouquets etc. Rose perfume, rose water, rosemary etc. can be made from rose petals.
Roses are grown more in the cold zone and can get dormant rest there but we do not get this kind of weather there so we have to spray it there in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Anand, Kheda, Navsari, Surat and Valsad districts in Gujarat. Desi roses are cultivated commercially in an area of 3978 hectares, with an area of about 150 to 200 varieties in Kunjarao village of Anand district alone, which is considered to be the main pocket area of desi roses. Farmers there collect the rose buds in a place at midnight with a rechargeable battery at midnight and send them to the flower market near Sardar Market in Ahmedabad through Tampa for mass sale at low prices throughout the year and earn good income.
Weather :
The native rose crop is more susceptible to cold and dry weather. Its plants must get enough sunlight. Although it can be grown in hot and humid climates, the incidence of pests in such environments is higher than in dry areas. Plant growth is good if 6 to 8 hours of sunlight is available during the day. Shade and strong winds do not suit.
Land :
Rose plants are suitable for almost all types of soils but loamy, medium black, fertile and well-drained soils are more suitable. If the soil is sandy, add more organic manure to the soil. Rose plants do not adapt to saline soils. Heavy black soils can be used to improve drainage by adding organic fertilizers.
Location selection :
Choosing a place where most of the sunlight comes for rose cultivation. In addition to this, by choosing a place away from trees, fences or walls and where the sun gets at least 8 hours of sunshine during the day, good quality flowers can be found in large quantities.
To prepare pits for planting plants :
Rose plant need more sunlight due to this due to this open land has select for the plantation of rose. for the plantation of rose in summer season 60cm x 60cm x 60cm digging the pits in the field and the soil which come from digging . leave that soil for 15 to 20 days. mix 8 to 10 kg fertilizer and 200g waste of costurd oil in the digging soil in the month of june - july . and Chloropyrifos and methyl parathion powder should be added to 25 to 30g of soil to control weeds.
Breeding :
Native roses are bred with cuttings and guticles. This method is simple and inexpensive.
Planting time and planting distance :
The month of June - July is more suitable for planting native roses in Gujarat. Plants should be planted after heavy rains. planting can be done from September to November if heavy rains continue. But the flowers fall less in the first year as compered to those planted in monsoon. Planting of native roses in Gujarat is 90cm x 90cm or 150cm x 90cm is done . Planting roses over wide distances reduce the flower production as the number of plant in the unit area is less. Plant native rose seedling in the center of the prepared pit for the planting. Dig a space as big as a plastic bag and then cut the plastic bag carefully so as not to injure the roots watering plant should be supported if necessary.
Fertilizer :
Fertilizers should be given three times a year (June, October and January) after planting to get more yield of native rose plants as well as to get good quality flowers. In which 3 to 4 kg of manure per plant per year and 50:50: 25 gms of N.F.Po. Applying the element in the soil As per the recommendation made at Anand, indigenous red rose crop of three years or more should be given 40 gm nitrogen per plant, (87 gm urea), 40 gm phosphorus (250 gm single super phosphate) and 25 gm potash (42 gm murate of potash). Apply in three equal portions in the soil in June, October and January respectively and then apply 1 ml per plant for two days. Azospirillum and 1 ml. PSB 200 ml Mixing it in water and giving it in three equal parts gives more flower production.
Pruning:
In desi roses, pruning is done on old plants of one year or more. In Gujarat, the second fortnight of October is more conducive for pruning. One year old good branches should be pruned with 4 to 6 good eyes. Spraying is usually done 45 to 60 cm above the soil surface. After height pruning, the plants start flowering in 45 to 50 days. Frequent pruning weakens the plants.
Irrigation :
The water requirement of native roses depends on the season and the type of soil. Newly planted seedlings / plants in the field should be initially watered daily for a week to retain moisture. Then irrigate 8 to 10 days in winter and 4 to 5 days in summer and water only in monsoon if required. Drip irrigation should be used if possible.
Fertilizer and Intercropping :
After irrigating, cultivate with a spade or spade as required. Do not dig too deep near the trunk of the plant. Regular weeding of roses and removal of new weeds in roses. Weeds are scarce in roses so weeding should be done with a toothpick or hoe.
Other care :
After flowering in March-April in the summer season in the native rose crop, moisture is stored around the plant by covering the dry leaves of mango or asopalav or paddy husk and weed growth can be prevented. According to the research done at Anand, in the summer season (March-May) in the crop of native roses, the cover of paddy husk is 5 cm around the plant. Thickening coating results in higher flower production. Horizontally spreading twisted twigs or obstructed twigs should be removed from the rose plant, which is damaged by disease or pest.
Crop protection :
The main pests of native rose plants are molluscs - mosquitoes, thrips, ticks, scaly mites as well as diseases such as dieback, scab, leaf spot etc. which can be controlled by spraying of appropriate pesticides and fungicides.
Weaving of flowers :
Generally, a bouquet of native roses should always be unloaded in the early morning before sunrise or in the evening with moderately blooming or ready to bloom immediately and immediately after unloading the flowers should be sent to the market for sale in a bamboo basket or in a wet canvas or cloth.
Flower production :
The estimated flower production of 2 to 3 year old plants of native roses is about 8 to 10 tons per hectare.
